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Internet Draft                                           J. Sermersheim 
Personal Submission                                         R. Harrison 
Intended Category: Standard Track                           Novell, Inc 
Document: draft-sermersheim-ldap-chaining-02.txt               Feb 2004 
                                                                        
 
 
               LDAP Control to Specify Chaining Behavior 
 
 
Status of this Memo 
 
   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with 
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.  
    
   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering 
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other 
   groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. 
   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months 
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any 
   time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference 
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."  
    
   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at 
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt  
    
   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at 
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. 
    
   Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Technical discussion of this 
   document will take place on the IETF LDAP Extensions Working Group 
   mailing list <ldapext@ietf.org>. Editorial comments may be sent to 
   the author <jimse@novell.com>. 
 
    
Abstract 
    
   This document describes a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 
   (LDAP) request control that allows specification of chaining behavior 
   for LDAP operations. By using the control with various LDAP 
   operations, a directory client (DUA), or directory server (DSA) 
   specifies whether or not a DSA or secondary DSA chains operations to 
   other DSAs or returns referrals and/or search result references to 
   the client. 
    
    
1. Introduction 
    
   Many directory servers have the ability through the use of various 
   mechanisms to participate in a distributed directory model. A 
   distributed directory is one where the DIT is distributed over 
   multiple DSAs. One operation completion mechanism used by DSAs in a 
   distributed directory is chaining. Chaining is defined in [X.518], 
   and is the act of one DSA communicating a directory operation that 
 
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               LDAP Control to Specify Chaining Behavior 
 
   originated from a DUA to another DSA in a distributed directory. 
   Contrast this with the act of passing referrals (4.1.11 of [RFC2251]) 
   and SearchResultReferences (4.5.2 of [RFC2251]) back to the client. 
   Chaining may happen during the name resolution part of an operation 
   or during other parts of operations like search which apply to a 
   number of entries in a subtree. 
    
   This document does not attempt to define the distributed directory 
   model, nor does it attempt to define the manner in which DSAs chain 
   requests. This document defines a request control that the client can 
   use to specify whether parts of an operation should or should not be 
   chained. 
    
    
2. Conventions 
    
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", and "MAY" 
   used in this document carry the meanings described in [RFC2119]. 
    
   The term chaining may apply to uni-chaining as well as multi-chaining 
   (see [X.518]) depending on the capabilities and configuration of the 
   DSAs. 
    
    
3. The Control 
    
   Support for the control is advertised by the presence of its 
   controlType in the supportedControl attribute of a server's root DSE. 
    
   This control MAY be included in any LDAP request operation except 
   abandon, unbind, and StartTLS as part of the controls field of the 
   LDAPMessage, as defined in Section 4.1.12 of [RFC2251]: 
    
   The controlType is set to <IANA-ASSIGNED-OID.1>. The criticality MAY 
   be set to either TRUE or FALSE. The controlValue is an OCTET STRING, 
   whose value is the following ChainingBehavior type, BER encoded 
   following the rules in Section 5.1 of [RFC2251]: 
    
   ChainingBehavior ::= SEQUENCE { 
        resolveBehavior         Behavior OPTIONAL, 
        continuationBehavior    Behavior OPTIONAL } 
    
   Behavior :: = ENUMERATED { 
        chainingPreferred       (0), 
        chainingRequired        (1), 
        referralsPreferred      (2), 
        referralsRequired       (3) } 
      
   resolveBehavior instructs the DSA what to do when a referral is 
   encountered during the local name resolution part of an operation. If 
   this field is not specified, other policy dictates the DSA's 
   behavior.

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               LDAP Control to Specify Chaining Behavior 
 
   continuationBehavior instructs the DSA what to do when a referral is 
   encountered after the name resolution part of an operation has 
   completed. This scenario occurs during search operations, and may 
   occur during yet to be defined future operations. If this field is 
   not specified, other policy dictates the DSA's behavior. 
      
   Behavior specifies whether the DSA should chain the operation or 
   return referrals when a target object is held by a remote service.  
     
        chainingPreferred indicates that the preference is that 
        chaining, rather than referrals, be used to provide the service. 
        When this value is set, the server attempts to chain the request 
        but if it can't it returns referrals. 
    
        chainingRequired indicates that chaining is to be used rather 
        than referrals to service the request. When this value is set, 
        the server MUST NOT return referrals. It either chains the 
        request or fails. 
         
        referralsPreferred indicates that the client wishes to receive 
        referrals rather than allow the server to chain the operation. 
        When this value is set, the server return referrals and search 
        references when possible, but may chain the operation otherwise. 
    
        referralsRequired indicates that chaining is prohibited. When 
        this value is set, the server MUST NOT chain the request to 
        other DSAs. Instead it returns referrals as necessary, or fails. 
    
   The following list assigns meanings to some of the result codes that 
   may occur due to this control being present: 
    
   - chainingRequired  (IANA-ASSIGNED-1)   Unable to process without 
                                           chaining. 
   - cannotChain       (IANA-ASSIGNED-2)   Unable to chain the request. 
 
    
4. Notes to Implementors 
    
   <todo: add some> 
 
 
4.1 Unbind and Abandon 
    
   Clients MUST NOT include the ChainingBehavior control with an Abandon 
   operation or an Unbind operation. Servers MUST ignore any chaining 
   control on the abandon and unbind requests. Servers that chain 
   operation are responsible to keep track of where an operation was 
   chained to for the purposes of unbind and abandon. 
    
    
4.2 StartTLS 
    
   This operation cannot be chained because the TLS handshake protocol 
   does not allow man-in-the-middle attacks.  
  
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               LDAP Control to Specify Chaining Behavior 
 
    
    
5. Relationship with other Extensions 
    
   This control MAY be used with other controls or with extended 
   operations. When it is used with other controls or with extended 
   operations not listed here, server behavior is undefined unless 
   otherwise specified. 
    
    
5.1 Relationship with ManageDsaIT 
    
   When this control is used along with the ManageDsaIT control, the 
   resolveBehavior value is evaluated. If resolveBehavior is such that 
   chaining is allowed, the DSA is allowed to chain the operation as 
   necessary until the last RDN is found.  
    
   For example: DSA1 holds the naming context <dc=net> and a subordinate 
   reference to <dc=example,dc=net>, DSA2 holds the naming context 
   <dc=example,dc=net> and a subordinate reference to 
   <dc=hostc,dc=example,dc=net>.  
    
   A modify operation accompanied by the ManageDsaIT control alone is 
   sent to DSA1. The base object of the modify operation is set to 
   <dc=hostc,dc=example,dc=net>. Since DSA1 does not hold the 
   <dc=hostc,dc=example,dc=net> IT DSE, a referral is returned for 
   <dc=example,dc=net>.  
    
   Next, the same modify operation is accompanied by both the 
   ManageDsaIT and the ChainingBehavior control where the 
   ChainingBehavior.resolveBehavior is set to chainingPreferred. In this 
   case, DSA1 chains to DSA2 when it encounters <dc=example,dc=net> and 
   DSA2 continues the operation. Since DSA2 holds the IT DSE 
   <dc=hostc,dc=example,dc=net>, the resolve portion completes, and the 
   rest of the operation proceeds. 
    
    
6. Security Considerations 
    
   Because this control directs a DSA to chain requests to other DSAs, 
   it may be used in a denial of service attack. Implementers should be 
   cognizant of this possibility. 
    
   This control may be used to allow access to hosts and portions of the 
   DIT not normally available to clients. Servers supporting this 
   control should provide sufficient policy to prevent unwanted 
   occurrences of this. 
    
    
7. IANA Considerations 
    
   Registration of the following values is requested [RFC3383]. 
    
    
  
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               LDAP Control to Specify Chaining Behavior 
 
7.1. Object Identifiers 
    
   It is requested that IANA register upon Standards Action an LDAP 
   Object Identifier in identifying the protocol elements defined in 
   this technical specification.  The following registration template is 
   suggested: 
    
        Subject: Request for LDAP OID Registration 
        Person & email address to contact for further information: 
                Jim Sermersheim 
                jimse@novell.com 
        Specification: RFCXXXX 
        Author/Change Controller: IESG 
        Comments: 
                One delegation will be made under the assigned OID: 
                 
                IANA-ASSIGNED-OID.1 Chaining Behavior Request Control 
    
    
7.2. LDAP Protocol Mechanism 
    
   It is requested that IANA register upon Standards Action the LDAP 
   protocol mechanism described in this document.  The following 
   registration template is suggested: 
    
        Subject: Request for LDAP Protocol Mechanism Registration 
        Object Identifier: IANA-ASSIGNED-OID.1 
        Description: Chaining Behavior Request Control 
        Person & email address to contact for further information: 
                Jim Sermersheim 
                jimse@novell.com 
        Usage: Control 
        Specification: RFCXXXX 
        Author/Change Controller: IESG 
        Comments: none 
    
    
7.3. LDAP Result Codes 
    
   It is requested that IANA register upon Standards Action the LDAP 
   result codes: 
    
        chainingRequired        (IANA-ASSIGNED-1) 
        cannotChain             (IANA-ASSIGNED-2) 
    
        The following registration template is suggested: 
    
        Subject: LDAP Result Code Registration 
        Person & email address to contact for further information: 
                Jim Sermersheim 
                jimse@novell.com  
        Result Code Name: chainingRequired 
        Result Code Name: cannotChain 
        Specification: RFCXXXX 
  
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               LDAP Control to Specify Chaining Behavior 
 
        Author/Change Controller: IESG 
        Comments:  request consecutive result codes be assigned 
 
 
8. Normative References 
    
   [X.518] 
   ITU-T Rec. X.511, "The Directory: Abstract Service Definition", 1993. 
    
   [RFC2119] 
   Bradner, Scott, "Key Words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement 
   Levels", Internet Draft, March 1997.  
   Available as RFC2119. 
    
   [RFC2251] 
   Wahl, M, S. Kille and T. Howes, "Lightweight Directory Access 
   Protocol (v3)", Internet Standard, December, 1997.  
   Available as RFC2251. 
    
    
9. Authors' Addresses 
    
   Jim Sermersheim 
   Novell, Inc. 
   1800 South Novell Place 
   Provo, Utah 84606, USA 
   jimse@novell.com 
   +1 801 861-3088 
    
   Roger Harrison 
   Novell, Inc. 
   1800 South Novell Place 
   Provo, Utah 84606, USA 
   rharrison@novell.com 
   +1 801 861-2642

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               LDAP Control to Specify Chaining Behavior 
 
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